Maryn McKenna

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Superbug Is At ScienceOnline 2012

January 19, 2012 By Maryn Leave a Comment

Welcome back, folks. An update: For the next few days, myself and many of my Wired Science colleagues will be at Science Online, a fantastic blog (and video, audio, general awesomeness) conference that is held each year in North Carolina. Unfortunately there’s no video feed this year, but if you’d like to to follow us on Twitter, the hashtag is #scio12. (And my sessions will — probably — be #workflow and #majormags.) Fair warning that the Twitter traffic on this will be pretty deafening for a few days.

Here’s a post that my Wired colleague Dave Mosher wrote about one of my sessions last year.

In case you don’t feel list watching Twitter, here’s a couple of things from last week:

Here’s a better link to that Science Friday segment on TDR-TB.

Here’s a short segment I did with Mike McConnell of WGN Radio in Chicago, about TDR-TB.

Here’s a link to a segment I did on WBUR’s Here and Now program, talking about farm use of antibiotics.

And finally here’s Brian Lehrer’s web TV show at CUNY, in which I talked to him about farm antibiotic use as well, with staff attorney Avinash Kar of the Natural Resources Defense Council.

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Thanks for watching and listening. Back soon.

Flickr/Runran/CC

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: Science Blogs

SUPERBUG Is Dark To Protest SOPA And PIPA

January 18, 2012 By Maryn Leave a Comment

Constant readers: Today, Wikipedia is locked, Boing Boing is dark, and I join with many bloggers much more important than me to protest legislation that would destroy the Internet as we know it. Superbug is dark today to protest the ill-conceived Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) in the House of Representatives and the Protect IP Act (PIPA) in the Senate.

I humbly request that you consider visiting these sites for more:

The Electronic Frontier Foundation‘s explainer

Google.com’s petition, which our parent Wired.com has also bannered and linked

A letter from leading tech companies.

Why is a journalist taking a position on legislation, when we are bound by professional practice to be objective and fair? This letter from the Online News Association explains journalists’ opposition to SOPA.

I’ll see you back here tomorrow. If SOPA and PIPA passed, on the other hand, maybe I wouldn’t.

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: animals, Science Blogs

Totally Drug-Resistant TB: A Patient Is Missing

January 14, 2012 By Maryn Leave a Comment

There was a lot of interest in  in TDR-TB Friday; both The Leonard Lopate Show on WNYC and Science Friday kindly asked me to be on to talk about it. While I was waiting for the phone link to Science Friday to become live, an alarming bulletin arrived in my e-mail. The early-warning list ProMED reported that the existence of two additional cases of TDR-TB have been disclosed, in Bangalore, 600 miles from Mumbai where the first known Indian cases were identified. The patients, a 56-year-old man and a 29-year-old woman, had been coming to a hospital for directly observed administration of their TB for more than two years; they were initially recognized as MDR-TB patients, with disease that was highly resistant but not untreatable, but were not getting better. For the past two weeks, though, the man has not shown up, and no one appears to know where he is.

[Read more…]

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: animals, antibiotics, india, Iran, Italy, Resistance, Science Blogs, TB, TDR

Totally Resistant TB: Earliest Cases in Italy

January 12, 2012 By Maryn Leave a Comment

A follow-up to Monday’s post on the recognition in India of totally drug-resistant tuberculosis, TDR-TB: The fantastic early-warning list ProMED points out that the earliest recorded cases of TDR were not the current 12 known cases in Mumbai or the 15 cases in Iran in 2009, but rather two women from Italy who died in 2003 after  being sick for several years.

It’s a sad story that was briefly recounted in 2007 in the journal EuroSurveillance, published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC).

[Read more…]

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: antibiotics, india, Iran, Italy, Resistance, Science Blogs, TB, TDR

India Reports Completely Drug-Resistant TB

January 9, 2012 By Maryn Leave a Comment

Well, this is a bad way to start the year.

Over the past 48 hours, news has broken in India of the existence of at least 12 patients infected with tuberculosis that has become resistant to all the drugs used against the disease. Physicians in Mumbai are calling the strain TDR, for Totally Drug-Resistant. In other words, it is untreatable as far as they know.

News of some of the cases was published Dec. 21 in an ahead-of-print letter to the journal Clinical Infectious Diseases, which just about everyone missed, including me. (But not, thankfully, the hyper-alert global-health blogger Crawford Kilian, to whom I hat-tip.) That letter describes the discovery and treatment of four cases of TDR-TB since last October. On Saturday, the Times of India disclosed that there are actually 12 known cases just in one hospital, the P. D. Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre; in the article, Hinduja’s Dr. Amita Athawale admits, “The cases we clinically isolate are just the tip of the iceberg.” And as a followup, the Hindustan Times reported yesterday that most hospitals in the city — by extension, most Indian cities — don’t have the facilities to identify the TDR strain, making it more likely that unrecognized cases can go on to infect others.

[Read more…]

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: antibiotics, india, Resistance, Science Blogs, TB, TDR

More News: FDA Curbs One Class of Farm Drugs

January 4, 2012 By Maryn Leave a Comment

Here’s a bookend to the Food and Drug Administration’s disappointing Christmas Eve notice that it will cease trying to regulate the largest classes of growth-promoter antibiotics. Today, the agency announced that it is forbidding certain uses of a different class of drugs, cephalosporins.

To those who are concerned about antibiotic overuse in agriculture, though, this is good news — though it may be more good news-bad news-bad news-good news.

The dialectic looks like this:

[Read more…]

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: animals, antibiotics, cephalosporins, FDA, food, Resistance, salmonella, Science Blogs

2011 In The Rear-View Mirror: What You Liked

January 1, 2012 By Maryn Leave a Comment

Happy New Year, constant readers. It seems to be impossible to get past Dec. 31 without a year-end list of some kind, and in the past 48 hours, many, many science bloggers have responded to that impulse by listing their own favorite posts or the ones they liked best that were written by others. (There’s a huge and growing round-up at John Rennie’s Gleaming Retort, and honestly, if you didn’t know about it because you weren’t already reading him, you should fix that. Make it a resolution.)

Always ready to be an iconoclast, I thought I’d change up the listage a bit. So here’s a recap of what your favorites were, based on how many comments each post received. It’s not a perfect measure of popularity — a number of posts had low comment numbers but big RTs and Facebook likes — but it’s a useful indicator of what topics moved you to outrage or appreciation, or spurred a desire to share your own experience too.

My quick analysis: You’re  very angry about failures in food safety, you’re alert to quirky discoveries, and you’re not going to let me talk smack about your pets.

Out of 107 posts in 2011, the top 10 by comment count are:

10. 25 Dead From Melons: FDA Points To Packing Facility (56 comments): A deep dive into federal inspectors’ testimony regarding the conditions at the plant that was the source of last autumn’s Listeria outbreak in cantaloupe, which killed 31 and made 146 ill — the most deadly foodborne outbreak on record in the United States.

9. What Vaccine Refusal Really Costs: Measles in Arizona (57 comments): I run the numbers on a 14-person outbreak that started with one unvaccinated Swiss tourist visiting an ER, and ended up with 8,321 people being tracked down by health authorities, 15,120 work-hours lost to healthcare workers being sent home, and $799,136 spent to contain the disease.

8. How Much Is A Drug-Resistance Death Worth? Less Than $600 (57 comments): Another economic-analysis post, based on research by Superbug friend Dr. Eli Perencevich of the University of Iowa. He compared federal grant money for HIV/AIDS and for antibiotic resistance and found that, for every AIDS death, the government awards $69,000 in research funds; for every death from antibiotic-resistant organisms, no more than $570. Guess which illness kills more Americans? Not AIDS.

7. Antibiotics: Killing Off Beneficial Bacteria… For Good? (58 comments): A look at new research which contends that when we take antibiotics, we permanently disrupt the gut microbiome — the vast, diverse community of bacteria that form a second immune system in our intestines — and may set ourselves up for allergies, depression and obesity lifelong.

6. Resistant Salmonella: Deadly Yet Somehow Not Illegal (59 comments): As 36 million pounds of ground turkey got recalled for the presence of multi-drug resistant Salmonella, I drilled into the federal regulations that should have prevented its distribution — and revealed that, since Salmonella isn’t technically an “adulterant,” no one legally did anything wrong. Which turns out to be a good thing for meat processors, because by federal records, ground turkey routinely contains a lot — a lot — of resistant Salmonella.

5. 30 Years of AIDS, And How It Began. (Part 1) (61 comments): An excerpt from my 2004 book about the federal Epidemic Intelligence Service, re-telling the 1981 identification of the first five cases of what would come to be known as AIDS — and an arrow to my heart, that so many of you cared to read and comment. I was a student when AIDS started, and a lot of my close friends died, quickly and very badly. I’ve never forgotten, and I’ve never stopped wanting to tell people what it was like.

4. Fecal Transplants: They Work, The Regulations Don’t (83 comments): Medicine struggles to keep up with Clostridium difficile, C. diff — the incredibly stubborn, recurrent, drug-resistant intestinal illness that ruins the lives of thousands of patients each year. Turns out the fix might be, not an expensive new drug, but an old, simple and dirt-cheap procedure that can be done in a doctor’s office, or even at home if you can defuse your ick factor — but that may have to remain a home or underground procedure, because regulators can’t figure out how to license it.

3. Antibiotics: Connected to Obesity, Diabetes and Stroke? (110 comments): I compare maps of high antibiotic use with maps of high incidence of stroke, diabetes, obesity and heart disease, notice they line up, and ask what on earth is going on. In the comments, you had a lot of smart things to say.

2. Sleeping With The Enemy: What You Get From Your Pet (114 comments): A recap of research showing how many diseases are passed from our domestic animals to us when they lick us, we smooch them, or we share a bed.

1. Like Down With Dogs, Get Up With Fleas. And Plague (168 comments): The story of two mysterious cases of bubonic plague in a woman and her teenage son in rural Oregon, and how they were traced to fleas that the family dog picked up when the dog romped through prairie-dog burrows. Featured my by-far favorite, put-it-on-a-T-shirt comment of the year: “Mrs. McKenna should stop writing about science and go make her husband a sandwich.”

(NB: Not Mrs. McKenna. Just for accuracy’s sake. Though, to be fair, Mr. Superbug does like sandwiches.)

Stick with me in 2012, constant readers: We have lots more to talk about. I plan on sandwiches for everyone.

Flickr/Mags_cat/CC

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: Science Blogs

FDA Documents Show Agency Once Strongly Opposed Farm Antibiotic Overuse

December 29, 2011 By Maryn Leave a Comment

The use of antibiotics and sulfonamide drugs, especially in growth promotant and subtherapeutic amounts, favors the selection and development of single and multiple antibiotic-resistant and R-plasmid-bearing bacteria.

Animals that have received either subtherapeutic and/or therapeutic amounts of antibiotic and sulfonamide drugs in feeds may serve as a reservoir of antibiotic resistant pathogens and non-pathogens. These reservoirs of pathogens can produce human infections.

The prevalence of multi-resistant R-plasmid-bearing pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria in animals has increased and has been related to the use of antibiotics and sulfonamide drugs.

Organisms resistant to antibacterial agents have been found on meat and meat products.

If you give the text above a close read, you might think it was written by Mark Bittman or Tom Philpott or Tom Laskawy, or me — or any of the small number of journalists who focus on the safety and policy perils of giving scarce antibiotics to confinement-raised farm animals. After all, what it says is what any of us would say: Routine administration of antibiotics to livestock spurs the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria that move through the food chain, threaten human health, and lend their DNA to yet other bacteria, increasing the reservoir of resistance in a dangerous and untracked manner.

As it happens, though, the text above wasn’t written by any of us. It was written by the Food and Drug Administration, the FDA.

Yes, the FDA — the federal agency that, as I wrote last Friday, has just backed off a 34-year attempt to assert regulatory control over “growth promoter” antibiotic use, opting instead for voluntary self-policing by the agricultural and pharmaceutical industries.

[Read more…]

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: agriculture, animals, FDA, food, food policy, growth promoters, Resistance, Science Blogs

News: FDA Won't Act Against Ag Antibiotic Use

December 23, 2011 By Maryn Leave a Comment

With no notice other than a holiday-eve posting in the Federal Register, the US Food and Drug Administration has reneged on its long-stated intention to compel large-scale agriculture to curb over-use of agricultural antibiotics, which it had planned to do by reversing its approval for putting penicillin and tetracyclines in feed.

How long-stated? The FDA first announced its intention to withdraw those approvals in 1977.

From the official posting:

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or the Agency) is withdrawing two 1977 notices of opportunity for a hearing (NOOH), which proposed to withdraw certain approved uses of penicillin and tetracyclines intended for use in feeds for food-producing animals based in part on microbial food safety concerns.1 … (1FDA’s approval to withdraw the approved uses of the drugs was based on three statutory grounds: (1) The drugs are not shown to be safe (21 U.S.C. 360b(e)(1)(B)); (2) lack of substantial evidence of effectiveness (21 U.S.C. 360b(e)(1)(C)); and (3) failure to submit required reports (21 U.S.C. 360b(e)(2)(A)).)

There is a lot of background to this, but here is the takeaway: For 34 years, the FDA has been contending that administering small doses of antibiotics to healthy animals is an inappropriate use of increasingly scarce drugs — a position in which it is supported by organizations as mainstream as the American Medical Association. With this withdrawal, it backs away from the actions it took to support that assertion — which may indicate there will be no further government action on the issue until after the 2012 election.

[Read more…]

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: agriculture, animals, antibiotics, FDA, food, food policy, growth promoters, Resistance, Science Blogs

Little-Known Killer: A Young Mom Survives Sepsis

December 22, 2011 By Maryn Leave a Comment

In honor of Christmas and Hanukkah and other solstice-centered holidays, and the warmth and compassion they make us want to extend to each other in the dark of the year, let me tell you a story about someone extraordinary.

Carol Decker is a wife and mom of two toddlers who lives in a small town at the foot of Mount Rainier in Washington. She is extraordinary not for professional achievements, but for very personal ones. Against overwhelming odds, she survived one of the most common, least-recognized illnesses in the United States: sepsis, which attacks an estimated 750,000 Americans each year, more than breast and lung cancer combined, and kills approximately one person every three minutes. What makes her extraordinary, though, is not only that she survived — because she had a lot of help doing that, including a smart and sympathetic medical team, thorough rehabilitative care, a supportive community and a loving and determined spouse — but that she found the courage and grace to embrace the changed life that sepsis left her with.

[Read more…]

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: Science Blogs, self, Washington

Breaking: Panel Says To Cease Most Chimp Research

December 15, 2011 By Maryn Leave a Comment

There’s huge news today in biomedical research — a little outside my core topics, but so important that I thought it was worth highlighting for you anyway.

A report by the Institute of Medicine has declared that most research on chimps in the United States is unnecessary and should cease. Experiments should only continue if strict criteria are met:

  • If there is no other model or animal in which the research can be performed
  • If the research cannot be performed ethically on humans
  • If not using chimps will “prevent or significantly hinder advances necessary to prevent or treat life-threatening or debilitating conditions.

[Read more…]

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: animals, anthropology, Biology, NIH, primates, Science Blogs

Sleeping With The Enemy: What You Get From Your Pet

December 12, 2011 By Maryn Leave a Comment

The most numerous and passionate comments I’ve ever gotten here were responses — OK, vituperation and denunciations — to a post describing how a Pacific Northwest family caught plague from their dogs’ fleas.

So I’ll be over in the corner donning a flame-resistant bio-suit — because  it turns out that, when it comes to pets on the bed, plague is not the only health risk. It’s one of many, along with hookworm, roundworm, MRSA, rabies, Chagas disease, Pasteurella, cat scratch fever, Capnocytophaga, Cryptosporidium and Cheyletiella. Oh, and bites.

[Read more…]

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: cats, chagas, dogs, MRSA, pets, rabies, Science Blogs, zoonotic

Fecal Transplants: They Work, the Regulations Don't

December 9, 2011 By Maryn Leave a Comment

Lara Thompson was 26 when her life fell apart.

She was living in Rhode Island and working in HIV prevention research when she unexpectedly developed nausea and diarrhea. It was early 2008, a few weeks after New Year’s, and she thought she might have picked up a stomach virus at a holiday gathering, or stressed her system with overindulgence. She expected the symptoms would pass after a few days. They didn’t.

“In three weeks, I dropped 15-20 pounds,” she says now. “I couldn’t keep anything in; I would have to run to the bathroom at a moment’s notice. I was so lethargic I had to stay home from work.”

When she consulted her doctor, she found out what was bothering her was more complex than a virus. Somehow, her intestinal lining had become infected with Clostridium difficile, or C. diff, a tough and persistent bacterium that has been rising in incidence and gaining antibiotic resistance, becoming increasingly difficult to treat.

[Read more…]

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: C.diff, FDA, microbiome, SciAm, Science Blogs

Antibiotics: Connected to Obesity, Diabetes and Stroke?

November 25, 2011 By Maryn Leave a Comment

In consideration of your glaze-eyed tryptophan coma — at least among those who weren’t frightened off by the MRSA-in-turkey news — today’s post is mostly composed of brightly colored pictures. (Also, speculation. You’ve been warned.)

About a week ago, a nonprofit research group called Extending the Cure published the latest in a fantastic series of maps they have been producing for several years, based on public and privately collected data. Earlier iterations have looked at the incidence of various resistant organisms over time. This time, they decided to look instead at the major drivers of resistance, and focused on national data about antibiotic prescriptions, broken down by drug type and by state between 1999 and 2007.

The graphics they produced document both a troubling growth in the use of some precious (because still effective) antibiotic classes, and also a surprising differential in the amounts of antibiotics prescribed in different parts of the country. The rate of use of antibiotics, measured by outpatient prescriptions per 1,000 inhabitants, varied from a low of 533 in Alaska to a high of 1,214 in West Virginia. [Read more…]

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: antibiotics, CDC, diabetes, food, food policy, obesity, Resistance, Science Blogs

More MRSA Found In U.S. Retail Meat (Turkey, Too)

November 22, 2011 By Maryn Leave a Comment

There are two new studies out that confirm, once again, that drug-resistant staph or MRSA — normally thought of as a problem in hospitals and out in everyday life, in schoolkids, sports teams, jails and gyms — is showing up in animals and in the meat those animals become.

The strain of staph that shows up in farm animals, known as “livestock-associated” MRSA or MRSA ST398, first emerged in pigs in the Netherlands, and has been widely identified in retail meat in Europe. (You can find a long archive of posts on ST398 here, and more here.) But that same strain has been difficult to identify in the United States. That may be due in part to the U.S. having a uniquely massive epidemic of community-associated MRSA, far larger than in any other country, which likely both obscures any animal epidemic from detection, and possibly also fills the ecological niche that livestock-associated staph might otherwise occupy. But, it must be said, there’s also remarkably little political will to look for livestock-associated MRSA (though the U.S. Department of Agriculture has now funded a study).

Nevertheless, individual investigators keep trying, and when they look for the pathogen, they find it, such as in these studies from May and this one from April. Now, two other teams have as well.

[Read more…]

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: agriculture, animals, antibiotics, FDA, food, food policy, MRSA, Resistance, Science Blogs, ST398, USDA

Running Out of Antibiotics: Europe Gets It

November 20, 2011 By Maryn Leave a Comment

In the United States, it’s been “Get Smart About Antibiotics” Week this past week, an annual observance in which the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and its medical and public health partners try to raise awareness of antibiotic resistance. The real action this week though was in Europe, where individual researchers and the EU’s version of a CDC — the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control — are speaking out about the problem with unusual candor.

Here’s the short version: In Europe, according to the ECDC, 25,000 people each year die as a result of multi-drug resistant infections, causing an additional cost to society of 1.5 billion Euros ($2.02 billion): 938 million Euros ($1.27 billion) in hospital and outpatient medical costs, and an additional  596.3 million Euros ($806 million) in lost productivity.

Dr. Marc Sprenger, director of the ECDC, said Friday:

This certainly is an underestimate of the true economic impact of antimicrobial resistance. In particular, the figures were based on data for just five multidrug-resistant bacteria.The estimate was also based on a conservative figure for the cost of a day in hospital… We think the real cost of treating a patient with a multidrug-resistant infection would be higher than this. My take home message is that antimicrobial resistance is one of the most serious public health challenges that we face.

[Read more…]

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: agriculture, antibiotics, CDC, ECDC, Europe, Klebsiella, Resistance, Science Blogs

EU Parliament Votes To Oppose Most Farm Antibiotic Use

November 7, 2011 By Maryn Leave a Comment

A quick post, because I’m on a ferocious deadline, but still can’t let this news go by. In a vote that’s non-binding but high profile and influential, the European Parliament has resolved to end “prophylactic use” of antibiotics in farming, and to prevent any “last resort” antibiotics from being used in animals, in order to keep resistance from developing so that the drugs will still be effective in human medicine.

This is a significant development. The European Union has already banned “growth promotion,” the use of micro-doses of antibiotics that cause meat animals to fatten more quickly. What the Parliament is doing here is asking the European Commission, the EU’s law-making body, to add “disease prevention” use to the ban. That’s the delivery of treatment-strength doses of antibiotics to all animals on a farm in order to prevent their becoming ill as a result of the confinement conditions in which they are held. It accounts for a substantial portion of the antibiotics used in agriculture, and is a major driver of the emergence of antibiotic-resistant organisms.

[Read more…]

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: agriculture, antibiotics, Europe, food, food policy, growth promoters, Resistance, Science Blogs

Government Health Agency Agrees Mega-Farms Are A Health Risk (In The UK)

November 4, 2011 By Maryn Leave a Comment

It’s very odd sometimes watching how the same issues play out in different parts of the world. The French environment ministry confidently ascribes the growth of seaweed choking its beaches to farm runoff. The European Parliament denounces the establishment of very large-scale “meat factories.” China (China!) enacts a ban on growth-promoting uses of antibiotics in agriculture.

Here in the United States, on the other hand, the government gropes unsuccessfully for a way to put controls on confinement agriculture, despite evidence of its environmental harm, while at the same time those farms grow by an estimated 4,600 hogs and 5,800 broiler chickens per day.

For more of that difference between Europe and the US, look this week to England, where the Health Protection Agency has just rejected the zoning application for a hog farm that was small by US standards, with a plan for only 2,500 sows producing about 20,000 piglets. The HPA said:

… those living up to 150 meters downwind of an intensive swine farming installation could be at risk of adverse human health effects associated with exposure to multi-drug resistant organisms. (this .pdf, p.30 of 44)

[Read more…]

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: agriculture, antibiotics, China, england, Europe, food, food policy, france, pigs, Resistance, Science Blogs

Big Move: Chicago Schools To Buy Antibiotic-Free Chicken

November 1, 2011 By Maryn Leave a Comment

Big news today on several fronts: against the overuse of antibiotics in agriculture and for healthier food for school children. The Chicago Public Schools announced that its main food-service company, Chartwells-Thompson Hospitality, will begin buying and serving chicken drumsticks from birds raised in the local area without antibiotics. The deal will bring 1.2 million pounds of chicken to 473 schools per year, and represents about 25 percent of all the chicken that Chartwells-Thompson serves in the school system.

The new move was announced in a media telephone briefing that was hosted by the Pew Charitable Trusts’ Campaign on Human Health and Industrial Farming and included representatives from Chartswell-Thompson; the nonprofit organizations School Foods Focus and the Healthy Schools Campaign; Whole Foods Market, which is making it affordable to transport the birds; and Miller Amish Country Poultry, the supplier.

This is an important deal for several different reasons: [Read more…]

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: agriculture, antibiotics, Chicago, food, food policy, nutrition, Resistance, schools, Science Blogs

Warm Weather Increases Hospital Infections, And What That Might Mean For Climate Change

October 29, 2011 By Maryn Leave a Comment

What makes hospital-acquired infections so intractable? There’s no question that some of the organisms that cause them are tricky: MRSA hangs out on the skin and and in the nostrils, and E. coli resides in the gut, making it easy for them to be carried into hospitals undetected. Hospital workers’ poor performance on hand-washing is well-documented. And recently, researchers have begun to wonder whether hospitals have missed an opportunity by not emphasizing environmental cleaning —- of rooms, computers and equipment, for instance -— given how persistently some bacteria can linger.

A new paper in PLoS One, though, says there’s another factor contributing to the problem, one that has missed consideration until now: weather. An 8-year study of infection data from 132 hospitals finds that as outside temperatures rise, in-hospital infections with some of the most problematic pathogens rise also.

The analysis is a warning to healthcare institutions to be additionally on guard when it is warm outside. But the authors say it’s also a warning to the rest of us: If global climate change raises ambient temperatures, it could increase the likelihood of deadly hospital infections as well.

[Read more…]

Filed Under: Science, Science Blogs, Superbug Tagged With: Acinetobacter, climate, E. coli, HAI, Hospitals, Klebsiella, MRSA, Science Blogs, weather

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